Electronic lock design sharing, how to design electronic locks? Analysis of Design Ideas of Electronic Lock Based on Single Chip Microcomputer . The electronic lock of the one-chip computer is based on the electronic lock device based on the one-chip computer, have certain intelligence, the function is far more than ordinary locks, also more humane and more convenient than ordinary electronic lock. With the development of science and technology, electronic locks are increasingly used in the field of home security. The graduation design of electronic locks based on single-chip microcomputers is also a subject of many colleges and universities. According to the principle of serial communication between 51 microcontrollers, this facilitates random encryption and protection of password information. And the use of electronic keyboard lock input has a higher advantage. The use of digital signal coding and secondary modulation methods not only can achieve multi-channel information control, improve the anti-interference of signal transmission, reduce erroneous actions, but also have low power consumption, fast response, high transmission efficiency, and stable and reliable operation. The software design adopts a top-down modular design concept to make the system develop in the direction of distributed and miniaturization, and to enhance the system's scalability and operational stability. Electronic locks, which is also based on the 51 series microcontroller (AT89C51) as the core, with the corresponding hardware circuit, complete the password setting, storage, identification and display, drive the electromagnetic actuator and detect the drive current value, receive the sensor sent alarm Signal, send data and other functions. The microcontroller accepts the entered code and compares it with the password stored in the EEPROM. If the password is correct, the electromagnetic actuator is unlocked; if the password is incorrect, the operator is allowed to re-enter the password, up to three times; if three times If not, the microcontroller will alert the smart monitor via the communication line. The single-chip microcomputer sends each time the unlocking operation and the drive current value of the electromagnetic actuator as status information to the intelligent monitor, and also sends the alarm information received from the sensor interface to the intelligent monitor as a basis for intelligent analysis. Although many smart locks (such as fingerprint identification and IC card identification) have come out one after another, such products are for specific fingerprints or valid cards and can only be applied to boxes, cabinets, rooms, etc., which require high confidentiality and are used only by individual persons. . In addition, card-type IC cards are easy to lose and damage, coupled with its high cost, to a certain extent, limiting the popularity and promotion of such products. Electronic password lock has the advantages of high safety performance, low cost, low power consumption, simple operation, and the like, making its role as an anti-theft guard more and more important. Some of the existing electronic locks on the domestic market are developed through the purchase of some product modules and do not have independent intellectual property rights; some are independently developed, but their power consumption and cost are relatively high, and they do not have extensive application value. In order to overcome these shortcomings, from the economical and practical point of view, using a microcontroller AT89S5l and low power CMOS E2PROM AT24C02 as the main control device and data memory unit, design a password can be changed, with alarm, real-time monitoring and remote management functions of the electronic password lock. The electronic combination lock is small in size, easy to develop, low in cost and high in security, and can timely report its stored historical data to a host computer system, realizing network real-time monitoring, and facilitating management personnel to analyze and process data in time. 1, electronic code lock hardware design The hardware of the electronic code lock consists of a core processing module, a power management module, an execution module and a communication module. 1.1 Core Processing Module The core processing module is the core of the electronic code lock work. It not only needs to process the information of the code lock, but also is responsible for scheduling the stable operation of various programs and controlling other modules. Its module is mainly composed of a single chip microcomputer, a keyboard, a memory, and a display circuit. . Among them, the SCM is the core part of the core processing module, its main task is to cooperate with the software to complete the information processing and recording, control and scheduling other parts of the normal work, electrical control, password proofreading and modification work. From the electronic code lock function needs, cost-effective, program data volume and interface circuits and other comprehensive considerations, the use of ATMEL's AT89S51 microcontroller as the core of the controller. The design of the keyboard circuit is in the form of a 4×4 row and column keyboard, which is directly composed of the high and low bytes of the P1 port of the AT89S51. 1.2 Power Management Module This design requires +5 V DC power to power the entire circuit. A voltage regulator is used in the circuit to convert the input DC supply voltage to +5 V. In addition, if you only rely on external DC power supply will be unable to unlock the problem due to power outages, in order to solve this problem, in the design of the power management module added automatic switching circuit program, so that the battery pack power supply and external DC power supply The method can be quickly and automatically switched according to actual needs, so as to ensure that the electronic code lock can work continuously for a long time. The power automatic switching circuit uses LTC-4414 device. Two P-channel insulated gate field effect transistors are controlled by the LTC4414 to realize an automatic switching circuit of two power efficient ORing operations. 1.3 Execution Module The execution circuit sends a signal through one of the single-chip lines of the microcontroller and is amplified by the transistor. The scheme of opening the lock by the relay-driven solenoid valve action is shown in FIG. 4 . In addition, the alarm circuit is composed of the time base integrated circuit 555 and its auxiliary components. In the case of networking, the alarm signal can be sent to the main controller through the serial port extension network to remind the administrators to pay attention. 1.4 Communication Module In the communication circuit design, using the MAX489 for full-duplex communication, the MAX489 pin R0 is the receiver output, connected to the TTL level RXD signal; pin DI is the transmitter input, connected to the TTL level TXD signal; pin-VT , Pin +VT is the transmitter output, then send transmission line; Pin-VT, pin +VT is the receiver input, receive the transmission line; Pin DE is the transmission enable terminal, then +5 V; the pin is the receiver Can end, ground. 2, electronic code lock software design The software design of the electronic code lock is the key to the reliable and safe operation of the entire electronic code lock. In order to improve the security performance of the electronic code lock, the design introduces the concept of the safety system, that is, establishes general guidelines and constraints during design, and is an electronic code lock. Provides security services and security mechanisms to make their software programs form a complete security architecture. The security system is mainly composed of four security services and four security mechanisms. Among them, security services include: authentication, access control, information confidentiality, and information integrity; security mechanisms include: authentication interaction mechanism, access control mechanism, encryption, and information integrity Sex. The security system is mainly implemented through software design. The code lock software is generally divided into two parts: 1) control program, including the main program, delay subroutine, time setting subroutine, modify password subroutine, scan keyboard input subroutine, alarm subroutine; 2) network management program, Including unlocking information query subroutine, serial communication program. In the software design, the technology of the second-level permission encryption is introduced to discriminate the input 8-bit decimal base password. If the input password is correct, it can be unlocked directly. If it is not correct and the input is incorrect more than 3 times, the input port is blocked and the alarm is notified to the management personnel through the Internet to store the alarm information. If you want to change the password, you need to input the password of advanced authority after entering the basic password to judge correctly, and you can change the password after confirmation by the system. The electronic code lock uses the AT89S5l microcontroller hardware and software resources, so that the system has a high degree of reliability and security. The code lock design realizes functions such as remote monitoring, automatic alarm and switch lock, etc., and has the advantages of simple structure, low power consumption, low cost, etc. However, designing an electronic code lock needs to consider many factors in combination with actual conditions, so the electronic code lock design needs to be In the actual further improvement and improvement. The above is the idea of ​​the electronic lock design scheme published by the smart lock China Network Xiaobian. For more information on electronic locks, please pay attention to the contents of this column.
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