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Switch principle
Gigabit Switch Principles and Functions
Switching is based on the need to transmit information at both ends of the communication. It is done manually or automatically by the device, and the information to be transmitted is sent to the technical generic name on the corresponding route that meets the requirements. A generalized switch is a device that performs information exchange functions in a communication system.
In computer network systems, the concept of exchange is proposed to improve the shared working mode. The HUB hub we introduced before is a shared device. The HUB itself cannot identify the destination address. When the A host in the same LAN transfers data to the B host, the data packet is transmitted on the HUB-based network in broadcast mode. Each terminal determines whether to receive it by verifying the address information of the data packet header. In other words, under this working mode, only one set of data frames can be transmitted on the network at the same time, and if there is a collision, they must be retried. This method is to share network bandwidth.
The switch has a very high bandwidth back bus and internal switch matrix. All the ports of the switch are attached to the back bus. After the control circuit receives the data packet, the processing port looks up the address table in the memory to determine the NIC (network adapter) of the destination MAC (the network card's hardware address). On which port, the data packet is rapidly transmitted to the destination port through the internal switch matrix. If the destination MAC does not exist, it is broadcast to all ports. After receiving the port response, the switch learns the new address and adds it to the internal MAC address. Address table. Using the switch can also "segment" the network. By contrasting the MAC address table, the switch only allows the necessary network traffic through the switch. Filtering and forwarding through switches can effectively isolate broadcast storms, reduce the occurrence of packet errors and error packets, and avoid sharing conflicts.
The switch can perform data transmission between multiple port pairs at the same time. Each port can be regarded as a separate network segment, and the network devices connected to it can enjoy the full bandwidth alone without competing with other devices. When node A sends data to node D, node B can send data to node C at the same time, and both transmissions enjoy the full bandwidth of the network and have their own virtual connections. If a 10 Mbps Ethernet switch is used here, then the total throughput of the switch is equal to 2 x 10 Mbps = 20 Mbps, and when using a 10 Mbps shared HUB, the total throughput of a HUB will not exceed 10 Mbps.
In short, a switch is a network device that can perform encapsulation and forwarding of data packets based on MAC address identification. The switch can “learn†the MAC address and store it in the internal address table. By establishing a temporary switching path between the originator and the target receiver of the data frame, the data frame can be directly transmitted from the source address to the destination address. Gigabit switch:: With the development of enterprise network applications, people are not satisfied with 100 MB desktop network speed. Many people are looking for faster LAN connections using Gigabit Ethernet or faster 10G technology. This change not only happens in the backbone of the campus network, but also occurs in every wiring closet. Enterprise IT managers hope to provide 10 times the previous network connection for each desktop user.
Gigabit switch effect
With the development of enterprise networking applications, people are not satisfied with the 100 MB desktop network speed. Many people are looking for faster LAN connections using Gigabit Ethernet or faster 10G technology. Such changes not only occur in the backbone of the campus network, but also in each wiring closet. Enterprise IT managers hope to provide each desktop user with 10 times the previous network connection.
Gigabit switches are faster devices than switches. Personal computers are generally not used. It is suitable for many computer labs, campuses, IT parks, and so on.