Integrated control of disease of seedling diseases of solanaceous vegetables

In the southern part of China, especially in the Yangtze River Basin, eggplant, pepper, tomato and other solanaceous vegetables are often cultivated in protected areas. They are often affected by adverse weather such as low temperature and rain, and are susceptible to rickets, blight, sclerotinia, and gray mold. The disease caused a fall of seedlings. According to the author's comparative experimental observation and production practice in recent years, several methods are proposed to comprehensively prevent and control the pour seedling phenomenon of solanaceous vegetables.
First, select the seedbed: the seedbed chooses the leeward sun, the drainage is good, the soil is loose and fertile, and the fields of the solanaceous vegetables have not been planted in 2-3 years. The old vegetable field (heavy field) can be sprayed on the bed surface with 40% formalin 100 times liquid 250 ml/m2 20 days before sowing, and then covered with film for 5-7 days, then uncovered for 14 days. It can also be used with 70% methyl thiophanate 6-8 g/m2, mix well with 10 kg of fine soil, spread 1/3 before sowing, and cover 2/3 after sowing.
Second, seed disinfection: (1) soaking seeds in warm water. The filtered seeds were poured into hot water at 52 ° C, kept at a constant temperature for 30 minutes, and washed with cold water. (2) Soaking seeds. The seeds were pre-soaked in shallow water for 3-4 hours, then soaked in 40% formalin 100 times for 15 minutes, and taken out with a damp gauze for 2-3 hours, and cleaned. (3) Seed dressing. Seed dressing with 70% pentachloronitrobenzene or 50% captan, in an amount of 0.3-0.4% by weight of the seed.
Third, the fine tube seedling bed: prepare enough nutritious soil before sowing, fine soil preparation, apply enough decomposed organic fertilizer, water the bottom of the seedling bed. The sowing can not be too dense, suitable for the amount of 6-8 g / square meter, after sowing, the nutrient fine soil cover seed, the thickness of 10 cm, and cover the mulch. The bed temperature is maintained at 25-28 ° C during the day before emergence, and not less than 20 ° C during the night, and the film is ventilated in time after emergence. When 3-4 pieces of true leaves are selected, cold-tailed warm-headed seedlings are planted, and the greenhouse is covered with a greenhouse to cover the winter. Minimize watering during the seedling period, and sprinkle some dry soil to protect the roots after watering. At low temperature and cold weather, pay attention to cover the straw curtain at night to prevent frostbite; properly ventilate at noon to lower the temperature and avoid prolonged. In continuous rainy days, infrared or incandescent lamps can be installed in the seedbed to supplement the light and reduce the yellowing leaves; combined with disease prevention, spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 5000-6000 times solution.
Fourth, reasonable application: in the early stage of the disease, the diseased seedlings were removed and concentrated. Tripping disease can be controlled by 58% metalaxyl manganese zinc 500-600 times solution, or 75% chlorothalonil 600 times solution, or 72.2% Plex water 400 times solution; seedling beds mixed with rickets and blight , using 72.2% Plex aqueous solution 800 times liquid + 50% Family double wettable powder 800 times liquid control. When low temperature and high humidity, gray mold and sclerotinia disease often occur mixed, can be controlled by 50% speed Keling wettable powder 1000-1500 times liquid; continuous spring Yin, seedlings in the greenhouse, 20% speed clematis can be used Fuming compound smoke fumigating, the dosage is 250-300 grams per 667 square meters (1 mu), pay attention to the fumigation in the small shed, so as not to cause phytotoxicity.
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