Although CW's recycling coverage for composites dates back to a decade ago, according to informal statistics, only about 2% of related composite companies are more active in recycling. That is to say, in the past three years, we have had a significant interest in the latest functional issues of recycled materials and have taken action, and recycled fiber has been developed in real life. The picture depicts ELG Carbon Fiber Co., Ltd. loading pyrolyzed carbon fiber into a chopper When metal suppliers tout the industry for recycling, apart from the company's own paid landfill disposal, the key question facing the composites industry is: How will production waste and scrap parts be handled? However, at least three markets have already Recycling of composite materials is increasing, especially for carbon fiber recycling: (1) The European Union (ELV) Directive requires that 85% of the weight of materials used in cars or light trucks must be recyclable or recyclable. (2) It is worth noting that carbon fiber is costly to manufacture and has good performance. Even in the form of chopped, it is an attractive recycling target, which provides power for the market to create recycled fiber products. (3) The latest generation of consumers have been promoted in environmental awareness, that is, actively support recycling and recycling, and look for goods with recycled content. Technology: different methods Ed Pilpel, senior technical consultant at Polyone Advanced Composites (Englewood, CO, US) and current chairman of the American Composites Manufacturers Association (ACMA, Arlington, VA, US), said aluminum and steel are still competitors in composites, one of the reasons It is their supplier's long-term record of recycling that helps reduce overall material production costs. He admits: "But these industries will take 30-50 years to reach the current recycling success rate, that is, the recovery rate of aluminum will increase by 80%. The composite material industry has a short development time, we have a lot of time to explore, but we must Go deep into the depths of the field." People invest and use individuals or combine several recycling strategies. Initial efforts have focused on the recovery and reuse of high quality carbon fiber material waste streams, which are typically from aerospace manufacturing because, although in chopped form, they are relatively easy to use and produce high quality carbon fibers with virtually undiminished performance. (Continuous fibers can also be recycled and will be discussed below) Commercial methods for removing resins from carbon fibers are currently thermal decomposition (heat treatment) and solvolysis (chemical treatment). Although thermal decomposition requires thermal energy to burn off the resin and may cause the fiber to become coke, the thermal decomposition energy represents only a fraction of the energy of the original carbon fiber. Sources say that solvolysis requires more energy than heat treatment, and it can recover fibers and resins. In both methods, the recovered fibers are well transferred to nonwoven mats or thermoplastic pellets for injection molding and are suitable for automotive parts. To create a true “cycleâ€, materials are recycled from end-of-life products and reused for new iterations of these products, making lifecycle (EOL) curing parts more difficult to recycle. Thermal decomposition and solvolysis can be applied to the solidified part, such as mechanical crushing commonly used for glass fiber parts; the resulting cullet and resin materials can be reused as resin fillers for combustion (waste conversion to energy plants) or Co-processing in cement kiln. Alternatively, the two companies offer recyclable resin products that can be uncrosslinked in a chemical solution, leaving the original fiber reinforcement in some sporting goods applications intact (more below) for recycling. Moreover, some material suppliers are investigating the internal recycling of waste and parts to avoid recycling intermediates. Overview of companies and groups “Three years ago, a real driving force put these materials into the market. Today, we have to face more “pull†and we have to investigate more about how to use recyclable carbon. ELG Carbon Fiber Co., Ltd. (ELG CF, Coseley, West Midlands, UK) Frazer Barnes, general manager of German metal recycler ELG Haniel (Duisburg, Germany) said: "We are now designing products and developing them to meet specific customer requirements. "ELG CF uses thermal decomposition to process more than 2,000 tons of waste per year, including manufacturing waste and solidified parts. Keith Graham, vice president of business development at Carbon Conversions, uses the thermal decomposition method at Carbon Conversions (Lake City, SC, US) in the United States to process "the entire composite waste stream." This includes intermediate products from various markets, including dry fiber waste (from fabrics, upholstery and weaving) and intermediates of "wet" uncured prepregs and pultrusion waste, as well as from commercial aerospace, entertainment and industry. The curing part of the source. Graham added: "We have built a strong business that converts waste streams from any industry into one." Hexcel (Stamford, CT, US) recently purchased a small stake in the company. The company has successfully demonstrated automotive parts, including floor parts for automotive OEMs. Graham pointed out that carbon conversion will be the leader in promoting composite recycling: “We are all together, we need to produce repeatable, consistent quality materials to develop this industry.†CFK Valley Recycling, part of the KARL MAYER Group, is the largest composite material recycler in Europe using thermal decomposition, and gets waste streams from automotive, aerospace and life-long sporting goods. The company's general manager Tim Rademacker said: "Because of The use of wind turbine blades made of carbon fiber is increasing, and the amount of waste in the wind power industry will increase significantly.†CFK Valley Recycling's CarboNXT partner company CarboNXT produces 1,000 tons of recycled fiber per year, making recycled fiber into Chopped and ground products as well as wet-laid veil and dust-free nonwoven mats. According to Rademacker, recycled carbon fiber is used as a filler for polyurethane (PU) rear bumpers and front bumpers on the new AMG GTC sports car. Pilpel described ACMA's collaboration with IACMI (Knoxville Advanced Composites Manufacturing Innovation Institute, Tennessee, USA) to introduce a new heat recovery solution for the market: Thermoolyzer technology from CHZ Technologies is an waste energy source. The reactor system, developed in Germany and originally envisaged for the recycling of discarded nylon carpets. “This technology creates a clean fuel gas product that meets the natural gas specification of resin residues,†Pilpel said. “With built-in scrubbers, it does not produce harmful emissions.†OC Dave Hartman said, OC Series and Wind Energy Partners include several composites industry partners such as Owens Corning, and ACMA and IACMI are evaluating the German pilot process as the first phase to demonstrate the system and determine scalability. Adherent Technologies Inc. began its recycling business at least 20 years ago. Dr. Ron Allred, President of the company, and Jan-Michael Gosau, Project and Environmental Project Manager, chose a wet chemical process called chemical solvent, also known as tertiary treatment, which uses a combination of liquid transfer fluid and catalyst to reduce heat and pressure recovery. The finished part is recycled and recycled with carbon fiber and resin without generating emissions from the air. The recycled resin can be reused as a fuel or other chemical in industrial processes. ATI recently partnered with DMC Capital, an investment group owned by Damian Cessario, to commercialize recycling technology. DLC Capital and ATI have been working together for many years and now have established a composites company, V Carbon, which will recycle carbon fiber and then use the fibers in the group's in-house manufacturing parts. The new recycling group is Vartega, which is led by engineer Andrew Maxey. Andrew Maxey's interest in carbon fiber comes from cycling: "We are new to this field, but the field is growing rapidly and recycling opportunities will increase." Vartega It currently has a semi-industrial-scale patent and a patent-pending low-energy solvent solution for processing uncured prepregs and trailing waste from Alchemy Bicycle Co. The company is developing a road, and Vartega will eventually provide licensees with their process technology, and they will lease modular equipment for internal recycling in the area, so Maxey said: “This is waste!†Currently, Vartega is working with technology. Fiber products (TFP, Schenectady, NY, US) collaborated to convert all fibers into nonwoven mats and veil products. The company has released test data for its recycled fibers, where the tensile strength and modulus of the recycled fibers are comparable to those of the original fibers. Bob Larsen, CEO of the Integrated Recycling Technology Center, said: "We are a not-for-profit organization whose mission is to motivate, grow and lead recycling groups." Larsen said that the area of ​​concentrated composites manufacturing is close to many Boeing companies, CRTC It hopes to promote economic redevelopment and help reduce the unemployment rate in Port Angeles, while establishing recycling resources. CRTC combines the development of recycled carbon fiber products with high volume, low cost production processes. The company works with the University of the Peninsula and its comprehensive workforce training program to develop future employee growth plans. From partner companies including Toray Composites Ltd. and Tacoma, CRTC purchases “near quality quality†uncured aviation prepreg waste, which is acquired at nominal prices and converted into new non-aerospace products, such as Pickleball paddle. It unplanned the recycling of cured composite parts, Larsen said: "We are using existing chemicals, we are avoiding the need to increase energy and cost for materials, carbon fiber already has more than twice the energy of aluminum!" Adesso Advanced Materials and Connora Technologies are recycling on the other hand: through strategic partnerships, they have developed recyclable thermoset resins that can be easily degraded and removed from the steel bars after curing, thus completing the fibers. Use again. Bo Li, chairman and CEO of Adesso, said that its trademark Cleavamine hardener and Recycloset resin allow the cross-linking of the cured portion to be "cracked" by mild acidic solutions such as vinegar. The recycled resin is neutralized and the thermoplastic precipitate can be reused as a toughening agent in adhesives or molding compounds. Adesso is currently involved in several major projects such as Shengyi's Recyclable Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs). Carbon fiber bicycles produced by Pardus (Taishan Sports Brand, San Mateo, CA, USA); with auto parts of Wuhu Chery Automobile Co., Ltd., in cooperation with ELG CF; and in collaboration with the University of Southern California to study recyclable wind blades. Similarly, Connora Technologies' trademark Recyclamine product is a curing agent for epoxy resins that also causes the cross-linking of polymers in the cured composite to be decomposed by acid leaving a thermoplastic epoxy residue. The reinforcing fibers originally used in the composite part can be recovered in their original form and structure without damage without shredding or chopping. CW has been introduced in the Fraunhofer Composites Research Project Center (FPC, London, Ontario, Canada) and the Fraunhofer ICT for the application of Recyclamine in the High Pressure Resin Transfer Molding (HP-RTM) process. Studies have shown that after recovery, the recycled reinforcement has the same properties as the original carbon fiber. The company is continuing to work for HP-RTM in the automotive industry through the second phase of the SBIR program. Connora Technologies recently announced a partnership with snowboard manufacturers such as Shred Optics, Future Fins and tobogganing. Dr. Rey Banatao, CEO of Shred Optics Connora, said Niche Snowboards and CAPITA Mothership converted snowboard manufacturing waste into action sports accessories. Development business case Pilpel said: "Recycling of composite materials is a challenge, including technology, government, industry groups, standards and education. You must start with a basic business case." For example, the easiest step for a company is to convert its waste. For the plant's energy, avoid the cost of landfill disposal and make up a fraction of the cost of raw materials. If the waste can be converted into a new form of sale, or returned internally to the company, a greater return on material costs can be obtained, he added: "We need to find hidden applications for recyclable materials," he pointed out. The success of the recycling of used car tires finally found the use of tire waste, so that the tires were no longer landfilled. Obviously, if automakers use carbon fiber in production vehicles, the supply challenge will follow. High-value recycled carbon fiber can help bridge the supply gap and lower prices. ACMA's recycling committee is working with ISRI (Washington Recycling Institute of Washington, DC, USA) and IACMI to develop a recycling infrastructure with reliable logistics and to develop standards for recycled fiber. Pilpel said the hidden problem is that the number of recycled fiberglass parts is more and should be recycled, but the value of the glass is so low that it is more difficult to solve. Maxey said, “Because composite materials are complex structures, there is no cure. But we are on the road to exploring and gradually gaining recognition from various industries. The recycling infrastructure is growing, this is an exciting time. ". ELG CF's Barnes added, “I think the recovery of composite materials will get better and better by 2019, and composites companies will start to see real volume indicators.†Wrench is a commonly used installation and removal tool. It is a hand tool that uses the principle of leverage to turn bolts, screws, nuts, and other threads to hold the openings or sleeves of bolts or nuts. Wrenches are usually made of structural steel made of carbon or alloy materials. Spanner Series,Super Wide Adjustable Wrench,Torque Wrench,Gear Wrench,Wheel Wrench Rugao Yaou Import & Export Trade Co., Ltd , https://www.ntyaoumachinery.com
Recycling of composite materials is increasing
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