1. The nitrification process is a strong exothermic reaction. The calorific value of a nitro group per mole of reaction is about 152.2-153 kJ. If the temperature is improper during the reaction process (insufficient cooling capacity), the reaction system may cause severe temperature rise and lead to combustion. And the explosion. 2. Nitrification agents commonly used in nitrification reactions (such as concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid) have strong oxidizing and water absorption properties. When contacted with unsaturated organic compounds, they may cause burning, and water absorption may cause corrosion of equipment. 3. The products of nitrification have the danger of burning and explosion, such as TNT, nitrobenzene and nitroglycerin, which are prone to combustion explosion under the action of ignition source. The chlorination reaction is a reaction in which a chlorine atom is substituted for a hydrogen atom in an organic compound, and the risk depends on the specific process conditions. In general, the risk of chlorination is present in both the reaction process itself and the chlorinating agent: 1. The chlorination reaction is an exothermic reaction, and if the temperature is improperly controlled in the reaction, the reaction heat may be out of control. 2. The commonly used chlorinating agent chlorine gas is toxic. When it is formed with water, acid forms corrosion to the equipment, and hydrogen gas is generated to form an explosive mixture.
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There is a high risk of nitrification and chlorination processes in chemical companies.
The nitration reaction generally refers to a reaction in which a nitro group (—NO 2 ) is introduced into an organic compound molecule to replace a hydrogen atom to form a nitro compound. The risk of nitrification depends on the specific process conditions. Generally, the hazard is mainly reflected in the reaction process, nitrating agent and nitrification product: