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Atomic impurities in diamond, or impurity defects, can release gloss such as pink, blue, and yellow. When two adjacent carbon atoms are replaced by one nitrogen atom and one vacant crystal lattice, NV is formed. NV in nanodiamond is an ideal biochemical probe material due to its non-toxicity and light resistance. It can be embedded in cells for scientific research and medical diagnosis. NV can also detect very weak magnetic fields in electron spins or nuclear spins, so it can be used on nuclear magnetic resonance probes to detect spin changes in the nanometer range.
Traditional magnetic resonance imaging technology requires millions of spin information in order to capture a measurable signal, while NV defects can easily detect a single target spin with an accuracy of nanometers.
In the past, it was a headache for scientists that the traditional high-temperature and high-pressure method (HPHT) prepared nano-diamonds contained a large amount of paramagnetic impurities, resulting in a very short spin coherence time. This technical bottleneck has puzzled researchers for a long time. Today, a research team led by Professor Dirk Englund of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has developed a high-purity diamond nanocrystal using a self-assembled multi-space metal mask using reactive ion etching and top-down preparation. Does not contain any paramagnetic impurities. The NV spin state in these nanodiamonds can be maintained for up to 210 microseconds.
The nanodiamonds produced by this new method also achieve a magnetic field sensitivity of 290 nT Hz–1/2, which means that magnetic field probe sensing technology can reach as small as 50 nm in the future.
Team member Matthew Trusheim added that nanodiamonds made from this self-assembled, long-spaced metal mask can controllably produce hundreds of millions of NV defects without the need for too many manual operations.
In addition, NV defects can also be used in the fields of photonic structures, single photon sources, and solid-state qubit entangled photons. Matthew Trusheim explains that the basic principle of quantum computers is that tiny substances can exist in different states at the same time; traditional byte processing is 0 or 1, and quantum computers can operate on bytes 0 and 1 simultaneously. A large number of logical operation commands can be paralleled at the same time, which theoretically greatly improves the running speed of the computer. At present, the bytes produced by the nano-diamond NV produced by the new preparation method are very unstable, and although the quantum information can be stored, it is easily destroyed by the influence of external environmental noise.
The researchers first deposited a gold-palladium mask on a high-purity diamond substrate, and the mask self-assembled into nanometer-sized droplets. The worker then uses an oxygen plasma etch process to activate the accelerated reactive ions to separate the diamond on the substrate. In this process, the gold-palladium mask blocks the foreign ions, leaving a certain space for the generated diamond; then the mechanical physics method is used to peel off the nano-diamond space points, and the high purity is obtained. Diamond containing paramagnetic impurities.
The study was supported by Columbia University and the City University of New York and was published in the latest issue of the Nano Letter. (Compiled from "Nanodiamond nitrogen vacancies live longer")
U.S. uses nanodiamond to achieve new breakthrough in spin technology
Abstract American scientists have successfully achieved a spin-coherence time of nanodiamond nitrogen vacancy center (NV) for up to 200 microseconds, breaking the historical record of previous spin coherence time. The nanodiamond used in the experiment was prepared from a new material and using particle etching technology...
American scientists have successfully achieved a spin-coherence time of nanodiamond nitrogen vacancy center (NV) for up to 200 microseconds, breaking the historical record of previous spin coherence time. The nanodiamonds used in the experiments were prepared from a new material using ion etching techniques, which would be used in the development of magnetic resonance probes and quantum computers.