Stone is made up of a variety of minerals. The composition of marble is relatively simple. It is mainly composed of calcite (CaCO3) and dolomite (MgCaCO3). Granite is much more complicated. Therefore, the gloss of various minerals constituting granite is also the average gloss of mineral aggregates. . The gloss of the stone has theoretical gloss, polishable gloss and actual polish gloss. In principle, the theoretical gloss can be calculated through the calculation of the absorption, reflection and refraction of light by minerals; the polishability is considered to be the weathering of the stone, the density of the structure, the color change, the disintegration of the mica, etc. The calculation of the factor affecting the gloss of the stone is obtained; and the actual polishing gloss is the gloss obtained through actual operation, in addition to the natural factors of the stone, it can be said that the artificial factor is great. For example, the method of construction grinding, the result of construction grinding, the degree of drying of stone recrystallized sheet, the ambient temperature of stone recrystallization hardening, the method of recrystallization hardening of stone, and the selection of crystal hardener. The presence of all these uncertain factors will affect the recrystallization hardening process of the stone to varying degrees. Therefore, the theoretical gloss of general stone > the polishable gloss of stone, the polishableness of stone > the actual polished gloss of stone. Theoretical gloss of stone The theoretical gloss of stone is calculated based on the theoretical gloss of each mineral of the stone and the percentage of each mineral in a stone. Polishable gloss of stone The polishable gloss of the stone can be determined according to the theoretical gloss G of the stone, the secondary change and the degree of weathering X1 and the percentage of the dark mica in the rock X2 according to the formula G0=G-9.022840099X1-39.5580585X2-2.246338073. From the mineral structure of the stone, the size of the grain affects the gloss of the stone. The larger the crystal grain size, the lower the gloss obtained and the worse the polishing performance. The more uniform the crystal particles, the better the polishing performance of the stone. There is also a difference in gloss in different measurement directions of the polished surface of the stone, that is, the gloss has directionality, and the polished surface of the medium and fine grained stone has good consistency in different directions, and the gloss of the polished surface of the stone is improved. The difference in different directions is decreasing. In actual work, the grain of the medium- and fine-grained grain structure is faster than the grinding and recrystallization hardening of the stone of the coarse grain structure. According to the size of the mineral particle size, the rock structure can be divided into giant crystal (particle > 10mm), coarse (particle > 5mm), medium (particle 5.2mm), fine (particle <0.2mm), cryptocrystalline (particle < 0.01mm) five kinds. The higher the hardness of the stone, the slower the stone grinding and stone recrystallization hardening. The slower the so-called speed, we should understand from two aspects: 1. The higher the number of abrasives required for stone grinding, the more the number of recrystallization hardening stones; 2. The actual operation, the machine we master swings left and right. The speed is slow. In practice, everyone may have experienced this. The general marble can be polished to 1000 mesh, and the granite should be ground to 2000 mesh - 3000 mesh, polished brick (glass brick), microcrystalline stone, synthetic stone. Artificial quartz stone should be ground to 3000 mesh. All of this is theoretically determined by when the stone completes the plastic rheology. The experiment proves that marble will have plastic rheology at the beginning of 150 mesh, and the stone with high hardness will not. In the study of granite polishing, Mr. Yang Zhongxi proposed that the granite can be polished under 50 units of gloss (Beijing landmarks should be based on this statement), we think there is a certain reference, but in our practice, granite The 24 unit gloss is fully illuminable, thanks to the revolution in our current polishing materials that provide us with a new type of stone recrystallization hardening weapon. The hardness of the stone is the main factor determining the speed of stone grinding and stone recrystallization hardening. The hardness of the stone depends on the hardness of the minerals that make up the stone, and is influenced by factors such as the structure and structure of the stone. Most of the silicate minerals that make up granite have higher hardness (more than 6 Mohs hardness), and a few minerals such as muscovite and biotite have lower hardness (Mohs hardness of 2.5), and constitute marble, limestone, and plate. The carbonate minerals and clay minerals of the rock are relatively low in hardness, so the hardness of the granite is relatively harder than that of marble, limestone and slate. The grinding and recrystallization hardening of the granite is slower than that of marble, limestone and slate. The stone with a higher bulk density has the better effect of recrystallization hardening of the stone. When the volume density of the stone is >2.65g/cm3, the throwability of the stone is very good, and the stone with a small bulk density of the stone is poor in throwability. We can solve the problem by scraping the resin with stone, but in the actual construction, we do not agree with this approach. Because it will increase costs, there are too many factors that are constrained (such as construction period, material selection, oxidation yellowing of resin, protection of construction site, etc.). The general method we use is to choose a stone protectant to increase the bulk density of the stone. The water absorption rate of the stone with a large bulk density is smaller than the water absorption rate of the stone with a small bulk density, and the reaction time of the stone stone hardener with a small water absorption rate and the surface of the stone is long enough to facilitate the recrystallization hardening of the stone. The stone with high water absorption rate, the reaction time of stone hardener and stone surface is too short, which is not conducive to the formation of stone polishing layer. Polishing of terrazzo and concrete is a typical example.
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What is the gloss of the stone?
Abstract Stone is composed of various minerals. The composition of marble is relatively simple. It is mainly composed of calcite (CaCO3) and dolomite (MgCaCO3). Granite is much more complicated, so the luster of various minerals that make up granite is also mineral...