2017 cotton production technology guidance

In order to ensure the stable production and income increase of cotton this year, according to the climate characteristics and actual conditions of different producing areas, the National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center and the Cotton Experts Steering Group of the Ministry of Agriculture have researched and formulated the “Guidelines for Production Technology in the Middle and Late Stages of Cotton in 2017”.

——Northwest Inland Cotton Area

The overall growth of cotton is generally good, and it is necessary to strengthen the late field management for problems such as premature aging, greed and late maturity.

1. Fertilizer management. Normal cotton fields were subjected to 3-4 drip irrigation from August to September, and the strength of the fertilizer was mainly medium. Premature deficiencies in cotton fields should strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, increase the application of potassium fertilizer by 2-3 kg per mu, and delay the water stoppage; the late-maturing cotton fields should control the fertilizer and water, and stop the water early.

2. Pest control. Mainly for the middle and late 3-4 generations of cotton bollworm, autumn cockroach, red spiders for prevention and control. Cotton fields with more serious pests and diseases should be used in a timely manner to prevent spray control.

3. Harvest management. Clean up cotton field obstacles (film, weed, drip tape, etc.) before harvesting. Spray the defoliating agent at the right time, and spray it when the top cotton boll is basically mature, the boll opening rate is over 40%, and the temperature is stable at 18 °C-20 °C. According to the standard, pay attention to prevent contamination of foreign fibers.

——Huanghe River Basin

Affected by the high temperature and drought in the previous period, the cotton growth process is more than 10 days earlier than normal. In response to the problem of premature aging and rotten bells in cotton fields

1. Fertilizer operation. For the premature aging cotton field, add 3% urea solution and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, spray once every 5-7 days, even spray 2-3 times. Cotton fields with irrigation conditions, watering according to the sensation. Strengthen the dredging and dredging as early as possible to ensure the smooth flow of the three ditches to prevent the cotton fields from being damaged by waterlogging.

2. Field management. In the late stage of premature aging cotton field, secondary growth is likely to occur, and new axillary buds should be removed in time. Pay attention to the prevention and control of cotton bollworm. This year, the cotton planthopper has been widespread. It is necessary to increase the prevention and control efforts and do a good job of unified defense. Helicoverpa armigera should use pesticides with small killing effect on natural enemies (such as Sai Dan, etc.), and spider mites can use special acaricides. The disease of the bell disease should be controlled by spraying with carbendazim, chlorothalonil and thiophanate-methyl.

3. Ripening and harvesting. Late-maturing cotton fields and the need to prematurely simmer cotton fields to promote the application of ethephon ripening. Timely harvesting, after 5-7 days of boll opening, it is appropriate to carry out collection, sub-drying, storage, and distribution, and control the mixing of heterogeneous fibers into seed cotton. The garlic and cotton two-paste cotton area should delay the time of drawing the wood. The other cotton areas should return the straw to the field or pull the firewood as soon as possible.

——Yangtze River Basin

Affected by the rainy days and high temperature and drought in the early stage, the growth period of cotton was delayed by about 10 days. For the late-haired and late-maturing issues, it is necessary to strengthen the management in the middle and late stages.

1. Topdressing and pruning. Premature deficiencies cotton fields should be foliar topdressed with 0.03% potassium dihydrogen phosphate before mid-September, once every other week. Timely removal of no effect branches, middle and lower old leaves and axillary buds, enhance light transmission and ventilation, increase the upper bell formation rate and bell weight, and prevent rotten bells.

2. Prevention of insects and disasters. Pay close attention to the occurrence of four generations of cotton bollworm, red bollworm, red spider, blind mites and whitefly, and control according to the situation. Pay close attention to the weather changes and prepare disaster prevention plans in advance.

3. Ripening and harvesting. For live broadcast or late broadcast late, greedy and late maturity, etc., it is not possible to crack the cotton field in the spit, and it can be sprayed with ethephon. Normal cotton bolls should be harvested in 5-7 days. Harvesting, drying, packaging and other aspects should be consistently divided, divided into sun, divided, and sold. Pay attention to prevent the incorporation of foreign fibers and ensure the quality of cotton.

Ministry of Agriculture Cotton Expert Guidance Group

National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center