Nano "forest" converts light and water into hydrogen fuel

Nano "forest" converts light and water into hydrogen fuel

Enlightened by the vast forests, engineers at the University of California, San Diego, built nanowires that are invisible to the naked eye into nano "trees" that formed nano "forests" to capture solar energy, and then used solar energy as a clean energy source to produce hydrogen fuel. Related papers were published in the "Nanoscale" magazine.

Hydrogen fuel does not emit harmful gases when it is burned, and it can achieve zero emissions of carbon dioxide. It has always been regarded as the ultimate clean energy for automotive power. However, the current hydrogen fuel production process is not clean, whether it is from the hydrogen production of fossil fuels, hydrogen, or hydrogen from the electrolysis of water, are inseparable from fossil fuels such as coal, oil or natural gas.

The key to the tree's ability to capture solar energy to its fullest extent is its vertical growth structure and its leafy morphology. Looking at the earth from the air, the calm sea sparkles brightly and the forest is lush, dark and dark, because the vertical structure absorbs solar energy while the planar structure reflects solar energy.

Engineers at the University of California, San Diego, use nano-wires made of nature's very rich silicon and zinc oxide to mimic the morphological structure of forest growth in three-dimensional nanowire arrays and use photoelectrochemical processes to break down water. The water decomposition process can produce hydrogen and Oxygen can be used as fuel after hydrogen is extracted. Since clean energy is used in this process, no greenhouse gas is produced. It is a new way to produce clean fuels using clean energy.

In the experiment, the researchers submerged the nanometer "tree" electrode in water, then irradiated it with simulated sunlight, and measured the output of the electricity. The results show that this vertical branching structure not only captures large amounts of solar energy, but also maximizes hydrogen production. Because in the planar structure, the bubbles must be large to surface, and the nano-tree structure can quickly extract very small hydrogen bubbles. The researchers said that this vertical branching structure can provide chemical reaction with 400,000 times more surface area than the planar structure.

Researchers have even more ambitious goals. Their eyes are on artificial photosynthesis. In photosynthesis in nature, plants not only absorb sunlight but also absorb carbon dioxide and water, producing carbohydrates for their own growth. The researchers hope that in the future, they can imitate this process and use nano-forests to absorb carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. (Ho Ho)

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