Promote drought-resistant sowing technology and consolidate the high-yield foundation of corn

In the winter and spring, the precipitation in the spring corn area of ​​northern China continued to be less, the area of ​​dry and frozen areas was large, the water supply from rivers and reservoirs was insufficient, and the soil bottom was poor. In response to the problems in the production of spring corn in the north, the Ministry of Agriculture's expert guidance group recently proposed to focus on “resistance to drought and spring sowing, and to broadcast full seedlings”, focusing on the promotion of drought-resistant sowing techniques, fine land preparation, scientific fertilization, timely sowing, and reasonable Close planting, comprehensively improve the quality of planting, and strive to consolidate the foundation of corn production. The Ministry of Agriculture's Corn Expert Steering Group gives specific guidance in the following areas:

Choose the right variety to prevent cross-regional planting. It is advisable to use excellent maize varieties that have strong drought resistance, high yield and stable yield, high yield potential, suitable maturity, and have passed national or provincial approval. It is necessary to eliminate the planting in the cross-region, avoid the varieties with long growth period, ensure the safety and maturity, and improve the corn yield and the quality of the grain products.

Do a good job in soil preparation and lay the foundation for planting. In view of the fact that the soil moisture is insufficient, the agronomic measures such as deep soil preparation, “small ridges and large ridges” and conservation tillage are used to improve the drought resistance of the soil. For places where the drought is heavy and there is no water source condition, the soil should be moved as little as possible, and the original ridges should be taken to reduce the evaporation of soil moisture. According to different soil fertility, scientifically and rationally mix fertilizers, achieve the combination of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, NPK and micro-fertilizer, base fertilizer and topdressing, and advocate “re-application of base fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer” to prevent “one shelling” .

Suitable for planting at the right time to improve the quality of sowing. From late April to early May, when the temperature of 5 cm is stable through 10 °C, it can be sown. The early sowing date is easy to cause low temperature rotten and underground pests, silk smut and other soil-borne diseases. The sowing date will affect the normal plants. Growth and development and grain filling and dehydration.

Promote drought-resistant technology and strive to broadcast a whole seedling. The first is to sit on the water technology. Give full play to the characteristics of low water cost, easy operation, simple structure, flexible maneuverability, and no terrain limitation. It can be used with agricultural machinery such as walking water injection machines, and can be used for ditching, water injection, seeding, fertilizing and covering soil at one time. And repress the operation to ensure that the seedlings are even and strong. The second is under-film drip irrigation technology. This technology is the most water-saving and energy-saving new irrigation technology. It not only intensively uses irrigation water, but also effectively avoids surface water evaporation, deep water leakage and surface runoff, improves water and fertilizer use efficiency, and meets water temperature conditions required for corn growth and development. . The third is the mulching film to cover the temperature and protect the technology. Corn film planting has the functions of increasing temperature and maintaining moisture, collecting rain and drought, and improving quality and eliminating grass.

Implement rational close planting and build appropriate groups. Generally, the soil with high soil fertility and planting dense-tolerant varieties has a suitable density of more than 4,500 per acre; the land with low soil fertility and poor density tolerance, with a suitable density of 4000-4500 per acre.