Doing "four by one skill" to ensure reasonable fertilization
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Fertilization technology for vegetables in solar greenhouse
In order to ensure the high yield and high quality of vegetables, the rational fertilization of solar greenhouses is very important. Applying the techniques of soil testing and formula fertilization in greenhouse greenhouse vegetables should be “four in one skillâ€.
1. Fertilize according to the type of vegetables. Different types of vegetables require different amounts of various nutrients, such as leafy vegetables, the effect of applying nitrogen fertilizer is obvious, so the amount of nitrogen fertilizer is higher; fruit vegetables and melons, in addition to nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are also needed. More, so pay attention to the appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer when fertilizing; the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied to legumes should be less.
2. Fertilize according to soil fertility. There is a big difference in soil fertility between different planting years, and it is “on-demand formula†according to soil fertility status and vegetable demand. Generally, sandy soil has poor fertilizer-preserving ability compared with viscous soil, and should be applied in small amount several times during fertilization, so as to avoid excessive leaching of fertilizer and protect soil environment.
3. Fertilize according to climate change. When the temperature is high, the vegetables grow vigorously and require a lot of fertilizer. In the season of suitable temperature, the fertilizer can be applied more appropriately, while in the low temperature season, less or no fertilizer is applied. When the water is sufficient and the light is good, the fertilization effect is good. When the weather is hot and dry, it can be fertilized in the morning or evening. The dosage is small and the concentration is dilute. When the weather is cool and humid, the inter-row strips can be used to increase the dosage and increase the concentration.
4. Fertilize according to the characteristics of the fertilizer. Fertilizer application should adopt different fertilization methods. Generally, slow-acting fertilizer should be used as base fertilizer, quick-acting fertilizer should be used as top dressing, and inorganic fertilizer should be mixed with organic fertilizer. For some volatile fertilizers, such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium carbonate and other nitrogen fertilizers, it is best to apply deep in the soil to prevent evaporation or loss, in order to improve fertilizer efficiency. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers move slowly down in the soil, and the application effect on the surface layer is not large, and it is suitable for uniform application into the soil layer; for the fertilizers that are easily soluble in water, the effect of topdressing is good; attention to physiological alkaline and physiological acidity Use of fertilizers. In addition, phosphorus, potassium, boron, zinc, manganese, etc. can also be used for root dressing. For example, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc. are suitable for use as a top dressing.
5, using soil testing formula fertilization technology. The soil testing formula fertilization technology determines the fertilization amount according to the type of vegetables, the nutrient uptake and the soil nutrient status of the vegetable field, and determines the fertilization period according to the nutritional and physiological characteristics of the vegetables. According to the soil fertility capacity, the target yield of vegetables, or according to the local soil conditions, specific compound fertilizers are designed for specific vegetable varieties, which can effectively solve the problem of unscientific fertilization and fertilization ratio.
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