Solving the problem of preventing and curing rapeseed frozen field management

At present, it is the coldest time in the nine, the temperature difference between day and night is large, especially when it is icing, it is easy to cause mechanical damage to rapeseed, which will cause a large area of ​​severe freezing damage to rapeseed, which will have a serious impact on rapeseed production. If rapeseed freeze damage occurs, how to deal with it?

On January 13th, in the rapeseed field of Group 3 of Hexin Village, Dayi Town, Yilong County, He Yong, the director of the Agricultural Service Center of the town and agronomist, was explaining the winter frost damage and field management skills of rapeseed to the villagers. He said that there are three kinds of phenomena in the freezing damage of rapeseed, that is, the roots and leaves are frozen and the buds are frozen. The following technical measures should be taken to prevent and cure rapeseed damage?

Timely clearing ditch drainage and cultivating soil

"Winter water is the life of rape, and spring water is the disease of rape." After the rainy weather is over, the snow and ice melt and the frozen soil is scattered. It is easy to cause the road ditches in the field, and the water is damaged. It is necessary to carry out the field clearing ditch in time, and to carry out the three ditch support with high standard and high quality, so that the main ditch, the ditch, the box ditch and the ditch can communicate, the clear water can be discharged, the dark water can be filtered, and the rain ditch can be dry. Generally, the ditch is 30-40 cm deep and the ditch is 40-50 cm. The groundwater level in the field and the humidity in the field are reduced. The soil culture taken out of the ditch is raked in the rape to enhance the lodging resistance. Take the time to carry out cultivating, control weeds, improve soil aeration, and cultivate soil roots before winter. It not only keeps the roots warm, but also protects the roots and enhances their ability to absorb nutrients, so that the rapeseed can resume growth as soon as possible, and it can enhance the resistance of rapeseed. ability.

Increased application of quick-acting fertilizer

For the field affected by freezing and growing, it is advisable to apply fertilizer immediately, so that the roots of the vegetable seedlings can quickly resume growth, and strive to form a larger trophic body to promote winter hair before winter. In particular, the amount of rapeseed and base fertilizer used in early planting is insufficient or even the field transplanted in Baitian. It is better to apply fertilizer early to promote the normal growth of rapeseed. Live rapeseed strengthen management, do a good job in seedling, fertilization and seedling. Waterlogging can cause loss of soil nutrients and a decrease in nutrient absorption capacity of roots. According to the growth of the seedling stage, 5-7 kg of urea should be applied per acre to promote the growth before winter. At the same time, it is necessary to apply appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to increase plant resistance, apply 3-4 kg of potassium chloride per mu or 1-2 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. In addition, after the bud, the boron fertilizer is applied once per mu, and the 0.1%-0.2% boron fertilizer solution is sprayed on the foliar surface to prevent the flower from being unreal.

Prevention and treatment of secondary disasters

After the end of the rainy season, if it is prone to downy mildew under low temperature and high humidity, the clubroot disease may be aggravated in some areas. It can choose to spray carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, thiophanate-methyl, mancozeb and other pesticides on sunny days. The rapeseed is more fragile, and the humidity in the field is prone to the occurrence of cabbage caterpillars and snail diseases. Insecticide control.

Remove early

Removal of early sputum can be used for both food and vegetables, while cleaning up sick and frozen leaves. In the sunny day, the early sputum and the old yellow dead leaves that have been pumped out are cut off with a knife in time to reduce mechanical damage, and should not be carried out in rainy days to avoid causing the wound to rot. Cleaning up sick and frozen leaves can enhance field permeability and reduce the chance of infection.

Increase coverage

Fields with strong growth and high planting density can cover rapeseed with grass ash and chaff ash, which can keep the ground temperature relatively stable, reduce leaf transpiration, and avoid direct damage of cold air to the leaves. The black of the ash can absorb more heat and raise the ground temperature. For fields with weak growth and low planting density, cover crop straws, such as straw, 200-300 kg per mu, which not only keeps the antifreeze, but also increases the soil organic matter. Straw covered in the surface of the rice can be naturally implemented in the face of rainfall, and generally does not affect the photosynthesis of rapeseed.