1. Introduction In recent years, glass curtain wall construction has rapidly emerged in China. The glass curtain wall has the advantages of strong integrity, light structure, flexible connection, good shock resistance, ease of construction, and easy maintenance. At present, glass curtain walls in China mainly include open frames, semi-hidden frames, concealed frames, and full-glass curtain walls. The so-called concealed frame aluminum alloy glass curtain wall means that the aluminum alloy of the curtain wall is hidden behind the glass, and the appearance is all glass. Because of its unique overall mirror effect, it is favored by architects and is widely used in many high-rise buildings.
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2. Selection of Materials The main materials used in the aluminum alloy glass curtain wall of concealed frames include aluminum alloy profiles, glass and sealant. The selection of materials should be based on the local climatic conditions, taking into consideration beauty, practicality, durability, and other factors.
2.1 Aluminum Alloy Profiles Aluminum alloy profiles mainly guarantee the mechanical properties of the curtain wall, namely the strength (bearing capacity), rigidity and stability requirements, while satisfying the requirements for aesthetics and durability. At present, domestically available aluminum alloy profiles adopt the series of shaped curtain walls, and there are 120 to 210 series profiles for selection. They are divided into several types, such as vertical materials, cross materials, fixed parts, opening and closing parts, and auxiliary parts.
2.1.1 Strength requirements of aluminum alloy profiles According to Technical Specifications for Glass Curtain Wall Engineering (JGJ102-96), strength design values ​​of aluminum alloy profiles are adopted.
2.1.2 Stiffness and stability requirements for aluminum alloy profiles The rigidity and stability of aluminum alloy profiles refer to the fact that after the aluminum alloy profiles form a hidden frame curtain wall project, the plate components and the opening and closing parts are in a state of shedding under the action of wind loads. , The structural structure of the plastic tearing phenomenon occurred, the fixing parts, auxiliary parts of the release or breakage and other damage. This requires that the curtain wall and its connecting parts should have sufficient bearing capacity, stiffness and displacement capacity relative to the main structure to avoid damage caused by load, earthquake and temperature, or excessive deformation and impeding use. In high-rise building structures, under the influence of wind loads and earthquakes, the ratio of the floor displacement Δν to the floor height h and the ratio between the displacement ν of the structure vertex and the total height H should not exceed the limit.
2.1.3 Durability Requirements of Aluminum Alloy Profiles This mainly considers that the anodic oxide film of aluminum alloy profiles not only plays a decorative role, but also is more important to prevent the harmful effects of natural elements on the corrosion of aluminum alloys. The thickness of the oxide film should not be too thin, nor too thick , Too thick on the one hand to increase the cost of anodized aluminum alloy, the other side may occur oxide film and aluminum alloy adhesion is reduced, so that oxide film layer hollowing, cracking or even off phenomenon. According to the "aluminum alloy construction profiles" (GB/T5237-93) inspection standards, the thickness of the oxide film should meet the requirements.
2.2 The selection of glass glass should be based on the wind load, the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor winter and summer, the size of the facade and the seismic factors, and consider the glass's own performance and function to choose.
2.2.1 Strength of glass There are many types of curtain wall glass and the production methods are different. However, regardless of the type of glass used, its design strength should be based on the Technical Specifications of Glass Curtain Wall Engineering (JGJ102-96).
2.2.2 Glass stress Glass is a brittle material that is easily broken due to external forces and temperature differences. Therefore, when glass is selected, the following stresses should be calculated: (1) stress under its own weight; (2) stress under wind load; (3) stress under earthquake; (4) stress under temperature .
2.2.3 Appearance of glass The type, specification and color of glass should be consistent with the design. The color of the entire curtain wall glass should be uniform, and there should be no phenomena such as alkali formation, mildew, and coating shedding. After the glass is cut, it must be chamfered and chamfered. Otherwise, the four glass edges of the hidden frame curtain wall will be exposed on the outer surface, which will affect the appearance of the curtain wall.
2.3 Selection and use of architectural sealant glass glue is critical, and products with good weathering resistance, UV resistance and adhesion should be selected, especially the deformation resistance of rubber, and it must be able to withstand tension and pressure for a long time. Cyclic stress.
Structural silicone sealant is a kind of structural elastic rubber sealing material and it is an important functional engineering material. It is divided into two types: one-component type and two-component type. In view of the role and status of this structural adhesive in engineering, this product has previously mainly relied on foreign imports. At present, domestic adhesive has been gradually developed and applied. Regardless of whether it is imported or domestic, all performance tests shall be carried out according to (Building Silicone Structural Sealant) (GB16776-1997). Only after passing the inspection can it be used in concealed frame curtain wall projects.
As a structural sealant should have two functions: (1) excellent sealing performance; (2) with the adhesive material has excellent tensile bonding properties. The tensile strength is dumbbell-shaped and can only reflect the function (1); the tensile strength is H-type, functions (1), (2) can be reflected, so only the H-type bond tensile strength can be satisfied. The actual needs of structural silicone sealants.
3. Conclusion Materials are the material basis for the quality and safety of curtain walls. The main materials in the hidden frame curtain wall: aluminum alloy profiles, glass and structural sealants are not acting alone, but are often mutually restrictive and mutually secure. Most of these materials can be produced domestically. Due to differences in production technology and management levels, manufacturers differ in quality, and the quality difference is still relatively large. However, the materials used as curtain walls should meet the requirements of quality indicators specified by the national or industrial standards, and non-compliant materials must not be used.